EXPLAINER
Iraq has been unable to form a government since it held parliamentary elections in October last year.
More than nine months after Iraq held its October 2021 parliamentary elections, political leaders have been unable to form a government.
The country’s political crisis reached a boiling point when demonstrators, mostly supporters of Shia leader Muqtada al-Sadr, one of the most powerful people in the country, stormed the Iraqi parliament on Wednesday to protest against corruption and one of the candidates running for prime minister.
Al-Sadr had ordered his parliamentary bloc to resign en-masse in June after the parliament failed to form a government.
Here’s a look at what happened, and why Iraq is facing a potential season of political chaos.
Why was the parliament stormed?
- The demonstrators, estimated to have been in the hundreds, oppose the nomination of a rival Iran-backed alliance’s candidate for prime minister.
- Mohammed Shia al-Sudani, a former minister and ex-provincial governor, is the pro-Iran Coordination Framework’s pick for premier. Al-Sadr has rejected his candidacy.
- “Al-Sudani just represents a very convenient excuse for Muqtada al-Sadr to voice his displeasure with the entire Coordination Framework and the political system in Iraq,” Marsin Alshamary, a research fellow the Harvard Kennedy School, told Al Jazeera. “He would have done this if anyone else were nominated. Al-Sudani actually represents one of the least controversial figures from the Coordination Framework.”
- Protesters carried portraits of al-Sadr and chanted slogans in his support. They only cleared parliament and went home after he asked them to on Twitter, saying their message had been received.
Why have politicians been unable to form a government?
- Since Iraq’s October 2021 election, talks to form a new government have stalled.
- Al-Sadr’s bloc won 74 seats, making it the largest faction in the 329-seat parliament.
- After a strong showing, al-Sadr repeated his commitment to form a “national majority government” representing different sects and ethnicities, such as Sunni Muslims and Kurds, but essentially sidelining the Shia Coordination Framework, which includes an old foe, former Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki.
- The Fatah alliance – the political bloc of the pro-Iran Popular Mobilisation Forces militia – suffered a devastating loss in the elections.
- By defending…